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Hyperlipidemia is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A common biologic mechanism between systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, and periodontal diseases has been suggested. The aim of this study is to examine the association between blood lipid profile and periodontitis. Aim: To study the correlation between serum lipid profile and periodontitis. Methods: The levels of serum lipid profile in 60 subjects, 30 with chronic generalized periodontitis based on clinical attachment loss (CAL) constituting the test group and 30 without periodontitis constituting the control group, were measured and compared with each other. Both these groups were free from other systemic illnesses. Statistical Analysis: The mean CAL was positively correlated with serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P < 0.01). Results: The mean serum LDL cholesterol (126.62) and total cholesterol (173.32) in periodontitis patients were found to be significantly higher as compared to that of the controls. The mean CAL (5.32 mm) was positively correlated with serum LDL cholesterol. The frequency of persons with pathologic values of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol was significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared with that of the controls. Conclusion: These results showed that high serum LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol may be associated with periodontitis in otherwise healthy people. However, it is unclear whether periodontitis causes an increase in the levels of serum LDL.
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Aim: Evaluation of periodontal status in patients with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) observed for ≥5 years, Treatment of patients of PLS with SRP and maintenance for a period of ≥5 years, Comparing the effects of treatment of periodontitis in (PLS) patients with SRP (scaling and root planning) as a monotherapy with antibiotics as an adjunct. Materials and methods: All subject showing signs and symptoms of PLS, were selected for this study comprising of both the sexes, visiting outpatient Department of Periodontology, Govt. Dental College and Hospital Srinagar. Eight patients (aged 5-12 years) from five families (three pairs of siblings) were included. Subjects were randomly distributed into two groups 4 patients each. Control group- Group A given SRP + Placebo and Treatment group- Group B given SRP + 250 mg of amoxicillin TDS and 125 clavulanate for 14 days and metronidazole 250 mg BD for 14 days . Results: In this study by comprehensive maintenance therapy in both the groups we delay the loss of dentition of the patients of PLS. The use of antibiotics had proven to show a statistically significant difference in retaining the teeth of PLS. Patients compared to the control. Conclusion: PLS patients, periodontitis may be arrested by combined mechanical and antibiotic periodontal treatment; extraction of severely diseased teeth; oral hygiene instructions; intensive maintenance therapy; and microbiological monitoring and treatment of the infection with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
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Introduction: Smoking is a known risk factor of periodontitis. Cotinine, a metabolic by product of nicotine is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Changes in gingival microvasculature, gingival epithelium take place which manifest clinically as decreased bleeding on probing and reduced inflammatory response, increased gingival thickness etc. Knowing the importance of gingival thickness in various root coverage procedures and restorative treatments in periodontics and the increased incidence and prevalence of smoking, assessing the relation between these two entities is becoming important. This clinical study is sought to compare the thickness of gingiva in systemically healthy smokers and non-smokers Materials and methods: 40 age matched smokers and non-smokers were considered for the present study. Gingival thickness was measured in the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth by transgingival probing using UNC-15 probe midbuccally in the attached gingiva and at the base of the interdental papilla. Plaque index and gingival bleeding index were recorded. Student’s independent ttest was employed for comparing various periodontal parameters between smokers and non-smokers. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All P-values were two tailed. Results: Both groups had similar gingival bleeding index and plaque index. Smokers had a higher thickness of gingiva both mid bucally and interdentally as compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: Both midbuccal and interdental areas are thicker among smokers when compared to nonsmokers at similar plaque and gingival bleeding levels.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Periodontitis a chronic inflammatory disease results in the destruction of tooth supporting tissues, eventually progresses to tooth loss. Non-surgical periodontal therapy in form of scaling and root planning although considered as a gold standard, does not completely eradicate periodontal pathogens. Limitation of access and bacterial invasion of periodontal tissues being the main reason and hence the demand for an adjunctive measure is necessitated. Sub gingival irrigation interferes with various plaque components predominantly anaerobic bacterial flora which is known to initiate and perpetuate periodontal destruction. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sub gingival irrigation with 3% H2O2 compared to normal saline. Material and methods: 20 patients were taken for the study. After scaling and root planing, quadrants in each patient’s mouth were randomly treated two with 20 ml 3% H2O2 sub gingival irrigation and the other two with normal saline. Sub gingival irrigation was performed at baseline and after 1 and 2 weeks. The clinical parameters were recorded at baseline at the end of week 3 and at the end of week 5. Results: Results showed that sub gingival irrigation with 3% H2O2 produced a significant reduction in gingival bleeding, pocket depths and a significant gain in clinical attachment level compared to the control. Tahira Ashraf, Suhail Majid Jan, Roobal Behal, Rafiya Nazir, Abhima Kumar. Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide as a sub gingival irrigant - A clinical study. IAIM, 2017; 4(11): 177-181. Page 178 Conclusion: The results of the present study conclude that that sub gingival irrigation with 3% H2O2 results in inflammation control manifested as decreased gingival bleeding, reduction in pocket depth and gain in relative attachment levels.
ABSTRACT
Bisphosphonates, synthetic (Non-biodegradable) analogues of pyrophosphate, were initially used in industry as water softening agents in irrigation systems and lateron discovered as bone loss inhibitors. Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption by being selectively taken up and adsorbed to mineral surfaces in bone, where they interfere with the action of the bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Thus, they have been proposed in the management of periodontal diseases by inhibiting the osteoclastic bone resorption and hence are used as a host modulating factor for prevention of bone loss. The other indications being Osteoporosis , Paget’s disease, Malignant hypercalcemia , Bone metastasis, Multiple myeloma etc. Gastro intestinal intolerance, Renal and hepato-toxicity, Hypocalcaemia, Osteonecrosis of jaws seen especially after invasive dental treatment (called as Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaw, BRONJ) are the main side effects of bisphosphonate therapy. To overcome such effects during dental management of patients, the recommendations focus on conservative surgical procedures, proper sterile technique, appropriate use of oral disinfectants and the principles of effective antibiotic therapy. The dentist should retain in his/her file the acknowledgment and consent for the treatment.